Educational appliance.



A. T. MCCLUER. EDUCATIONAL APPLIANCE.

A APPLICATION FILED JAN.21. 1916. 1,291,045, Patented Jan. 14,1919.

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A. T. MCCLUER.

v EDUCATIONAL APPLIANCE.

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ANNA TAYLOR MCcLUER-OENEW YORK,N. Y., AssIGNOR or ONE-HALE Tov JOHNROBERT TAYLOR7 OE BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

EDUCATIONAL APPLIANCE.

' Specication of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 14, 1919.

Application filed January 27, 1916. Serial No. 74,569. A

To allwlwm fit/may concern:

Be itknown-t-hat I, ANNA TAYLOR'MG- CLUER, a citizen of the UnitedStates, 'residing yin the borough of Manhattan, city, county, and Stateof New York, have invented anew and useful Educational Appliance, ofwhich the following is a specification.

My invention relates to appliances for use in the school room tofacilitate the teaching of the fundamental principles of mathematics,addition, subtraction, multiplication and division. i

It is the present practice in educational institutions to use chartsmade by the teacher for this purpose. The charts are made of card boardor paper and each contains one subject. These charts must be hung on thewall for each lesson and must be removed and stored afterward. 'Thecharts become torn, broken land soiled from much handling and becomeImsanitary. They require considerable storage 'space and muchtime islost in putting up and taking d own the charts and in placing them in astorage receptacle. s Y

.The object of my Vinvention is to facilitate the handling `of thecharts, `to keep them attached to the storage receptacle, to facilitatethe storing of the charts, and to store the maximum number of charts inthe minimum amount of space.

A further obj ect is to so arrange the charts both as to the,disposition of the matter imprinted upon vthem and their relation oneto the other that the lessons will be made more interesting to the pupiland teaching will be facilitated.

These and further objects will more fully appear in the followingspecification and accompanying drawings, considered together orseparately.

I have illustrated my invention in the following drawings whereinsimilar reference characters designate corresponding parts in all thefigures and in which Figure 1 is an end elevation of a receptaclecarrying a plurality of charts lsome of which are extended. Y

Fig. 2 is a front elevation of the same showing thenumber l chart ofgroup I, number 2 chart of group II, etc., extended.

Fig. 3 is a similar view showing number l chart of all the groups partlyextended.

Fige'isl a similar view 'showing a modification in'which the Operationsymbolis car-V riedV on the casing and no answers on the charts.

Fig.A 5 is' a view showing a modied form of 'chart Ywherein both sidesare imprinted with problems.

Fig. 6 is a view showing another modification wherein four roups ofcharts are employed, one group for examples in addition, one forsubtraction, one for multiplication and one for division, each chartshowing the different ways of stating the problems.

Fig. 7 is a longitudinal section of a spring shade roller on whichthe'charts may be mounted, and

Fig. 8 is an end elevation of a modified form of roller. V

In the drawings, a designates a casing closed at the ends and sides andAopen at the bottom. The casing is divided by means of partitions bintofa plurality of compartments and, Vin Fig. 2 each compartment isshown as provided with a door c hinged to `one side of the Casing. InFig. 3 a single door closing all the compartmentsis shown. The casing isrovided with hangers Z by means of which it may be supportedy onhooks Vecarried on a wall or other vertical surface.

In each compartment of the casing is properly 'supported a group ofrollers f each of `which carries wound thereon a chart or ribbon g. Therollers f are preferably of the usual spring shade roller type, and thecharts may be drawn down to expose all Or a part thereof below thebottom edge of the casing a. The charts or ribbons g may be of toughpaper, shade cloth or anyother suitable material. The charts shown inFigs. 1,2, 3 and l are preferably separated at their centers and aninserti?, issecured in place between the two parts. `This insert is offlexible material andv preferably of color contrasting with that of thechart. rlhe free end of each chart is provided with a'tab c' with adesignating character foreach chart lof each group. .The tab is providedwith a perforation for a purpose to be hereinafter explained. Y f i rlhecharts shown in Figs.' l, -2 and?) are each provided with a series ofproblems in addition and a series of problems in Ysubtraction with theinsert 71, separating the series.V Each chart is dividedinto a number ofsections corresponding to the number of problems desired, and thevproblem arranged on theV decade plan, c'. e.,1eachproblem of a charthas its principal item ten-funitsf-higher lio Vwill be the Same.

than the one above. The secondary item, or the Ininuend in subtraction,and the number to be added, is` the number corresponding to that on thetab c'. In theembodiment illustrated each compartment has a group of tenchartsnumbered from 1 to 10 and the number on. the tab willindicate'that that number will be added to or subtracted from anothernumber. The principal item of all the charts of each group is the sameand the principal item of each group is 1 higher than that of the groupto the left of it.V

By this arrangement if chart 1 of group 1, chart 2 of group 2, chart 3of group 3, chart 4- of group chart 5 of group 5, chart 6 of group 6,chart 7' of group `"I, chart 8 of group 8, chart 9 of group 9 and chart10 of group 10 be exposed as in Fig. 2 the principal items of thetopmost problems, those nearest the casing, will be 10, 11, 12, 18, 14,15, 16, 17, 18 and 19, the subtrahends will be 1, 2, 3, d, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9and 10 and the remainders will be 9 in every case. The next set ofminuends will be decades of the first or from 20 to 29, the subtra-hendwill be the same as before and the remainders will be 19 in all cases.Likewise in the last set of problems the minuends will be from 100 to109, the subtrahends will b'e the same as before and the remainders willbe 99.

In studying the problems the pupil will see that by increasing thesubtrahend and minuend by the same amount the remainder VVorling fromright to left he will see that by diminishing the subtrahend and minuendby the same amount the remainder will `be the same.

When the number 1 chart of each group is withdrawn to the same extent asin Fig. 2, the subtrahends will be the same as before, that is from 10to 19 from left to right in the first set below the edge of the casing,the minuend's will be 1, corresponding to the number on the tab, inevery case, and the remainders be from 9 to 18 showing that bysubtracting the same from a series of gradually increasing numbers theseries of remainders will show a corresponding increase.

When it is desired to teach addition the required charts are drawn outof the casing as far as the inserts 7L only. When subtraction is beingstudied the charts are drawn out to the full 4extent and to avoidconfusion the charts are turned back at the inserts and the perforationin each tab is engaged with a hook j carried on the casing, and lonlythe problems in subtraction will be in view.

VIn the modification shown in Fig. Je the charts may be imprintedk asbefore exce it that the operation signs and the answers to the problemsare not given.. The front of the casing is provided with pockets lo intowhich may be placed cards bea-ring the symbols ,of operations. By thisconstruction lems imprinted on both sides, addition on one side andsubtraction on the other. By this method double the amount of work maybeplaced on a chart of the same length as in the other gures or the lengthof the chart may be halved for the same amount of work.

In Fig. `6 I have shown a modilication wherein each compartment of thecasing carries a. group of charts and each group is for a diderentoperation, z', e., one-group addition, one group subtraction, one groupmultiplication, and one group division.A In each problem is shown thedifferent ways in which the same resultmay be Obtained.

I preferably employ spring rollers for carrying the charts for thereason that such rollers will automatically wind the charts, :but I donot wish to limit myself to such rollers. Any suitable roller may beemployed. In Fig. 8 `I show a roller carrying a drum Z at one end.Achain or cord fml is wound around the drum in the direction opposite tothe way in which the chart is wound. When the chart is exposedbyunwinding it from the roller the chain or cord will be wound on thedrum and when it is desired to rewind the chart the roller is rotated bypulling on the chain or cord. The chart being light in weight will notbe suiicient to rotate the roller against the friction of its bearingseven when it is unwound to its fullest extent.

In accordance with the provisions of the patent statutes, I havedescribed the prin'- ciple of my invention, together with the apparatuswhich I now consider to represent the best embodiment thereof; ibut Idesireto have it understood that the apparatus shown is merelyillustrative and that the invention may be carried out in other ways.

Having now described my invention, what I claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is:

1. In a device of the character described, a receptacle, a chartcontaining a mathematical problem within the receptacle, a Vconstantlyvisible character on the chart indicating one of the'items'of theproblem, and means for withdrawing 'the chart fromV the receptacle. t

2. In a device of the character described,.a receptacle, a plurality ofcharts,` each containing a mathematical problem, wit-hinthe receptacle,a constantly visible character on each chart indicating' one of theitemsV of the problem on that chart, and means for withdrawing a chartfrom .the receptacle.

3. In a device of 'the charactery described,

a plurality of receptacles, a chart containing mathematical problemscarried in each receptacle, a constantly visible character on the chartindicating one of the items of each problem on that chart, and means forwithdrawing a. chart from a receptacle.

4. In a device of the character described, a casing having a pluralityof receptacles therein, a. chart containing mathematical problemscarried in each receptacle, a constantly visible character on the chartindicating one of the items of each problem on the chart, and means forwithdrawing the chart from the receptacle.

5. In a device of the character described, a plurality of receptacles, aplurality of charts containing mathematical problems carried in eachreceptacle, a constantly visible character on the chart indicating oneof the items of each problem thereon, and means for withdrawing thecharts from the receptacle.

6. In a device of the character described, a casing having a pluralityof receptacles therein, a plurality of charts containing mathematicalproblems carried in each receptacle, a constantly visible character oneach chart indicating one of the items of the problem on the chart, andmeans for withdrawing the chart from the receptacle.

7. A device of the character described comprisinga receptacle, a rollersupported within the receptacle, a chart containing a mathematicalproblem supported on the roller, means for withdrawing the chart fromthe receptacle, and a constantly visible character on the withdrawingmeans indicating one of the items of the problem on the chart.

8. A device of the character described comprising a receptacle, aplurality of rollers supported within the receptacle, a chart containinga mathematical problem supported on the roller, separate means forwithdrawing each chart from the receptacle, and a constantly visiblecharacter on the withdrawing means indicating one of the items of theproblem.

9. A device of the character described comprising a receptacle, a springroller supported within the receptacle, a chart containing amathematical problem supported on the roller, a tab for withdrawing thechart from the receptacle, and a constantly visible character on the tabindicating one of the items of the problem.

10. A device of the character described comprising a receptacle, aplurality of spring rollers supported within the receptacle, a chartcontaining a mathematical problem supported on "each roller, a tab forwithdrawing each chart from the receptacle, and a constantly visiblecharacter on each tab indicating one of the items of the problem on thechart.

11. A device of the character described comprising a receptacle, a chartcarried within the receptacle, said chart carrying problems in aplurality of mathematicalV principles, a tab for withdrawing the chartfrom the receptacle, and means for supporting the free end of the chartwhen the latter is wholly withdrawn from the receptacle whereby aportion of the chart will be masked by another portion of the samechart.

l2. A device of the character described comprising a receptacle, aplurality of charts carried within the receptacle, said charts eachcarrying problems in a plurality of mathematical principles, a tab forwithdrawing each chart from the receptacle, said tab having mea-ns forsupporting the free end of the chart when the latter is wholly withdrawnfrom the receptacle.

13. A device of the character described comprising a casing having aplurality of compartments open at the bottom, a plurality of springactuated rollers mounted to rotate in each compartment, a chart securedto each roller, each chart containing problems in a plurality ofmathematical principles, a tab for withdrawing a chart from itscompartment, a constantly visible character on each tab indicating oneof the items of the problems on that chart, and a plurality of supportson the casing, the tab on each chart having means for engaging a supportto hold the free end of the chart when the latter is wholly withdrawnfrom its compartment.

14. A device of the character described comprising a casing having aplurality of compartments open at the bottom, a removable closure forthe top of the compartments, a plurality of spring actuated rollersmountedY to rotate in each compartment, a chart secured to each roller,each chart containing problems in a plurality of mathematicalprinciples, a tab for withdrawing a chart from its compartment, aconstantly visible character on each tabindicating one of the items ofthe problems on that chart, a plurality of hooks on the casing, and ailexible insert in each chart, whereby a portion of the chart may befolded back of another portion, each tab having a perforation forengaging a hook when the chart is wholly withdrawn from its compartment.

This specication signed and witnessed this twenty-ith day of January,y1916.

ANNA TAYLOR MCCLUER.

Witnesses:

EMMA J. GrRrBBrN,vr y ANNA QUINN.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for ve cents each, by addressingthe' Commissioner of Patents, Washington, ID. G.

